// FAQ
Everything You Need to Know
What is RLUSD Swap? +
RLUSD Swap is the premier decentralized exchange (DEX) and DeFi protocol built natively on the XRP Ledger (XRPL). It enables instant token swaps, cross-chain bridging, liquidity provision, staking, and borrowing — all centered around RLUSD, Ripple's USD-backed stablecoin.
What is RLUSD? +
RLUSD is a USD-backed stablecoin issued by Ripple on the XRP Ledger. Each RLUSD is fully backed 1:1 by US dollar deposits, short-term US government treasuries, and cash equivalents. It is regulated, audited, and designed for DeFi use on XRPL.
How fast are swaps on RLUSD Swap? +
Swaps on RLUSD Swap settle in approximately 3.5 seconds — the native block time of the XRP Ledger. This is 50–200× faster than Ethereum-based DEXes. There is no mempool, no pending state, and no failed transactions due to gas issues.
What are the swap fees? +
RLUSD Swap charges 0.1% on most swap pairs. Stablecoin-to-stablecoin pairs (e.g., RLUSD/USDT, RLUSD/USDC) are charged a reduced 0.05% fee. Volatile asset pairs (e.g., RLUSD/wBTC) are charged 0.3%. All fees go directly to liquidity providers.
Which wallets can I use with RLUSD Swap? +
RLUSD Swap supports XUMM/Xaman (the most popular XRPL wallet), Crossmark (browser extension), GemWallet, Ledger hardware wallets, and MetaMask with the XRP Ledger Snap. We recommend XUMM for the best mobile experience.
How does liquidity provision work? +
Liquidity providers (LPs) deposit token pairs into RLUSD Swap's AMM pools on the XRP Ledger. In return, they receive LP tokens representing their pool share and earn 100% of the swap fees generated by their pool. Rewards are claimable at any time, with no lock-up period for standard pools.
What is impermanent loss and how does RLUSD Swap handle it? +
Impermanent loss occurs when the price ratio of pooled assets changes relative to when they were deposited. RLUSD/stablecoin pools have near-zero impermanent loss due to their pegged nature. For volatile pairs, our higher fee tiers (0.3%) are designed to compensate LPs for this risk over time.
How does RLUSD staking work? +
Stake RLUSD or XRP in RLUSD Swap's staking module to earn a proportional share of all protocol revenue. Rewards are distributed in RLUSD and auto-compound daily. Single-asset staking means no impermanent loss — just steady yield on your holdings.
How does the RLUSD borrowing module work? +
Deposit supported collateral assets (XRP, wBTC, wETH) to borrow RLUSD at competitive rates. The system is over-collateralized, with a maximum 75% loan-to-value (LTV) ratio. If your collateral value drops below the liquidation threshold (80%), automated on-chain liquidators will repay your loan to keep the system solvent.
How does the cross-chain bridge work? +
RLUSD Swap's bridge uses a combination of Multi-Party Computation (MPC) for key management and Zero-Knowledge Proofs for state verification. To bridge, you lock assets on XRPL, and MPC nodes collectively sign the release of wrapped assets on the destination chain. Transfers typically complete in 30–90 seconds.
Which chains can I bridge to and from? +
RLUSD Swap currently supports bridging between XRP Ledger, Ethereum, BNB Chain, Polygon, Arbitrum, Optimism, Base, and Solana. More chains are added regularly through governance proposals voted on by RLUSD Swap token holders.
Is RLUSD Swap non-custodial? +
Yes. RLUSD Swap is fully non-custodial. All on-XRPL swaps execute directly through the XRP Ledger's native AMM — your assets never leave your control. For bridge transfers, assets are locked in audited MPC multi-sig vaults, not held by any central party.
Has RLUSD Swap been audited? +
Yes. RLUSD Swap has been audited by four independent security firms: Quantstamp (Feb 2024), Halborn Security (Apr 2024), OtterSec (Jun 2024), and Zellic (Sep 2024). All audit reports are public and accessible via our documentation portal. We have a $3M bug bounty program for ongoing security.
What is the RLUSD Swap governance token? +
RLUSD Swap has a native governance token that grants holders voting rights over protocol parameters including fee tiers, new pool approvals, chain integrations, bridge security settings, and treasury allocations. Token holders can also propose and vote on protocol upgrades through on-chain governance.
What is the XRP Ledger AMM? +
The XRP Ledger's native Automated Market Maker (AMM) was introduced via amendment XLS-30d and is built directly into the XRPL protocol layer — not as a smart contract. This means AMM pools benefit from XRPL's finality, security, and extremely low transaction costs without the risks associated with EVM smart contracts.
How is RLUSD different from USDT or USDC? +
RLUSD is specifically designed for the XRP Ledger ecosystem. Unlike USDT or USDC which are issued on multiple chains via smart contracts, RLUSD is a native XRPL token issued by Ripple, a company with deep XRPL integration. It benefits from XRPL's native compliance features and is designed for institutional and DeFi use within the Ripple ecosystem.
What are the risks of using RLUSD Swap? +
As with any DeFi protocol, there are risks including smart contract risk (mitigated by XRPL's native AMM architecture), bridge risk (mitigated by MPC and ZK proofs), price impact on low-liquidity pairs, and market risk of collateral assets in the borrowing module. Always do your own research and only use funds you can afford to lose.
Does RLUSD Swap have a mobile app? +
RLUSD Swap is fully optimized for mobile browsers and works seamlessly with the XUMM/Xaman mobile wallet. Users on mobile can connect XUMM via WalletConnect or deep link and perform all protocol actions — swaps, bridging, staking, and borrowing — directly from their phone.
How do I get RLUSD to start using RLUSD Swap? +
You can acquire RLUSD by swapping XRP for RLUSD directly on RLUSD Swap, by bridging USDT or USDC from another chain, or by purchasing RLUSD from supported centralized exchanges. Once you have a XRPL wallet with XRP for transaction reserves, you can start swapping immediately.
What is the XRP reserve requirement? +
The XRP Ledger requires a base reserve of 10 XRP per wallet and 2 XRP per trust line (each token you hold). To use RLUSD Swap, you need at least 10 XRP base reserve, plus 2 XRP for the RLUSD trust line, and additional XRP for the tokens you want to hold. Transaction fees on XRPL are typically less than $0.001.